SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Austin, David H.; MacAuley, Molly K..

This paper describes a model for estimating, in a probabilistic framework, expected future consumer surplus from planned new product innovations. The model has been applied to estimations of taxpayer benefits from NASA's New Millenium Program (NMP), which develops new technologies for space science, and to the digital data storage technologies being supported by the Department of Commerce's Advanced Technology Program (ATP). The model uses cost index methods based on consumers' estimated marginal valuation for quality improvements in the technology. Probabilistic values for performance increases are taken from the innovators' own expectations. The analysis reveals the sensitivity of welfare increases to these values, which are assumed to be biased upward....

A Welfare Analysis of the U.S. Ethanol Subsidy

Palavras-chave: Quality-adjusted cost index; Consumer surplus; Innovation; Environmental Economics and Policy; O32; H43; D60.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10655

Du, Xiaodong; Hayes, Dermot J.; Baker, Mindy L..

Based on a transparent analytical model of multiple markets including corn, ethanol, gasoline, and transportation fuel, this study estimates the welfare changes for consumers and producers resulting from ethanol production and related support polices in 2007. The welfare estimation takes into account the second-best gain from eliminating loan deficiency payments. The results suggest the total social cost is about $0.78 billion for given market parameters. We validate the model’s underlying assumption and test for the results’ sensitivity to assumed parameters.

AN EMPIRICAL ESTIMATION OF THE IMPORT DEMAND MODEL AND WELFARE EFFECTS: THE CASE OF RICE IMPORTING COUNTRIES

Palavras-chave: Consumer surplus; Deadweight loss; Ethanol; Subsidy; Substitution.; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44538

Kang, Hyunsoo; Kennedy, P. Lynn; Hilbun, Brian M..

This analysis presents the determination of an import demand function for the world rice market using annual data from 1994 to 2007. In the specification and analysis of a world rice market import demand function, Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Instrumental Variables (IV) with Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), and Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) methods have been used. Social welfare effects have been obtained using consumer surplus and compensated variation for the top four rice importing countries (Indonesia, Philippines, Nigeria, and Saudi Arabia). Empirical results suggest that economic growth, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and importing countries’ population positively affect national income, thus, positively affecting rice consumption. Oil...

Economic Impacts of the U.S. Soybean Aphid Infestation: A Multi-Regional Competitive Dynamic Analysis

Palavras-chave: Rice export and import; Consumer surplus; Trade; Import demand function; International Relations/Trade.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46082

Kim, C.S.; Schaible, Glenn D.; Garrett, Lynn; Lubowski, Ruben N.; Lee, Donna J..

We estimated the economic benefits resulting from controlling soybean aphid infestation by using a multi-regional competitive dynamic equilibrium model. Results indicate that the reduction of soybean production resulting from a soybean aphid infestation is largely absorbed by reducing soybean exports, due to the higher price elasticity of export demand compared to domestic demand. Producer benefits resulting from controlling soybean aphids would increase by between $949 million and $1.623 billion in ten years under various scenarios. Results also suggest that it is economically more efficient to control soybean aphids when the rate of intrinsic growth is relatively lower, the supply price elasticity of soybean acreage is relatively more elastic, and...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Soybean aphid; Invasive species; Producer surplus; Consumer surplus; Rag-1; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45660

Estimating consumer surplus and elasticity of demand of tourist visitation to a region in North Queensland using contingent valuation

Greiner, Romy; Rolfe, John.

The Daintree Rainforest is a prime attraction for Tropical North Queensland as a tourist destination. Visitation of the rainforest, specifically the Cape Tribulation section, has increased rapidly as impediments to self-drive access have been removed. This paper examines the potential for the local council to manage the volume of self-drive access to the Cape Tribulation region by price mechanisms. The assessment is based on estimates of willingness to pay from a contingent valuation survey of self-drive tourists to the region, from which estimates of consumer surplus and demand elasticity are derived. A comprehensive discussion of the social and economic implications and transaction costs of price-based mechanisms is offered.

Estimating Future Consumer Welfare Gains from Innovation: The Case of Digital Data Storage

Palavras-chave: Contingent valuation; Tourist management; Recreation use fees; Consumer surplus; Elasticity of demand; Daintree rainforest; Demand and Price Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57881

Austin, David H.; MacAuley, Molly K..

We develop a quality-adjusted cost index to estimate expected returns to investments in new technologies. The index addresses the problem of measuring social benefits from innovations in service sector inputs, where real output is not directly observable. We forecast welfare gains from two U.S. Advanced Technology Program innovations equaling 25%-50% of expected price, and aggregate consumer benefits of $1-$2 billion, relative to trends in existing technologies. Our model's probabilistic parameters reflect uncertainty about prospective outcomes and in our hedonic estimates of shadow values for selected product attributes. The index can be readily adopted by research and development (R&D) managers in industry and government.

Estimating values for recreational fishing at freshwater dams in Queensland

Palavras-chave: Quality-adjusted cost index; Consumer surplus; Innovation; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O32; H43; D60.

Ano: 2000

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10814

Rolfe, John; Prayaga, Prabha.

In this paper, estimates of value for recreational fishing are reported for three major freshwater impoundments in Queensland, Australia, using both travel cost and contingent valuation methods. Policy analysts often require estimates of value when analysing the importance of recreation against other uses of impoundments, or when considering the potential for further investments, such as with fish stocking programs. Different forms of the travel cost method are used to estimate separate consumer surpluses associated with two key subgroups of recreational anglers: frequent and occasional anglers. A contingent valuation study is used to estimate the marginal values associated with a potential improvement in fishing experience. The results of the travel cost...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Consumer surplus; Contingent valuation method; Recreational fishing; Travel cost method; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118325

MODELING INTERNATIONAL TRADE IMPACTS OF GENETICALLY MODIFIED WHEAT INTRODUCTIONS

DeVuyst, Eric A.; Koo, Won W.; DeVuyst, Cheryl Sinn; Taylor, Richard D..

Planned introductions of genetically modified crop varieties can be troublesome to model. Estimation of demand and supply equations is not feasible due to lack of data. Further, specifying demand and supply equations requires calibration to a presumed equilibrium. Depending on the point chosen, highly questionable results may be obtained. We propose a model that uses existing supply, demand, and elasticity estimates. The approach relies on composite supply and demand functions. These composite functions are linear combinations of GM and non-GM varieties. We then employ this approach in a model of world wheat trade to analyze the impact of several plausible GM wheat adoption and consumer acceptability scenarios.

On the Use of Multi-Unit Auctions in Measuring Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Food Products

Palavras-chave: International trade; Genetically modified organisms; Producer surplus; Consumer surplus; Welfare; Transportation cost; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2001

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23550

Akaichi, Faiçal; Nayga, Rodolfo M., Jr.; Gil, Jose Maria.

This paper proposes the use of multi-unit auctions in studying consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for food products in a multi-unit shopping scenario. We show how this method can overcome the limitations of single-unit experimental auctions in obtaining useful information related to WTP for not just the first unit but also subsequent units of a product, the demand curve, consumer surplus, the determinants of consumers’ WTP for each auctioned unit, and the effect of potential price discount strategies.

Preference Heterogeneity in a Count Data Model of Demand for Off-Highway Vehicle Recreation

Palavras-chave: Multi-unit auctions; Willingness to pay; Demand curve; Consumer surplus; Price discounts.; Agribusiness; Consumer/Household Economics; Marketing; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C91; D12; D44; M31.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60983

Holmes, Thomas P.; Englin, Jeffrey E..

This paper examines heterogeneity in the preferences for OHV recreation by applying the random parameters Poisson model to a data set of off-highway vehicle (OHV) users at four National Forest sites in North Carolina. The analysis develops estimates of individual consumer surplus and finds that estimates are systematically affected by the random parameter specification. There is also substantial evidence that accounting for individual heterogeneity improves the statistical fit of the models and provides a more informative description of OHV riders.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Consumer surplus; Off-highway vehicles; Outdoor recreation; Poisson model; Random parameters; Environmental Economics and Policy.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59334

TOWARD A VALUE FOR GUIDED RAFTING ON SOUTHERN RIVERS

Bowker, James Michael; English, Donald B.K.; Donovan, Jason A..

This study examines per trip consumer surplus associated with guided whitewater rafting on two southern rivers. First, household recreation demand functions are estimated based on the individual travel cost model using truncated count data regression methods and alternative price specifications. Findings show mean per trip consumer surplus point estimates between $89 and $286, depending on modeling assumptions and river quality. Magnitudes of these surpluses are very dependent on assumptions about the opportunity cost of time.

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Consumer surplus; Count data; Guided rafting; Travel cost; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.

Ano: 1996

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15127

Valuing Recreational Benefits of a National Park in Andean Colombia

Alvarez, Sergio; Larkin, Sherry L..

Protected undeveloped areas are an important tool for land conservation in developing nations. Efficient land allocation decisions and resource management requires knowledge of non-market benefits. Using travel cost and contingent valuation data from on-site interviews and secondary data on visitation, this study will value a national park in Columbia.